Disease: Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia, COVID-19, (ChiCTR2000029810)

Disease info:

COVID-19 is the infectious disease caused by the coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which is a respiratory pathogen.

The most common symptoms of COVID-19 are: fever, dry cough, fatigue

Other symptoms that are less common and may affect some patients include: loss of taste or smell, nasal congestion, conjunctivitis (also known as red eyes), sore throat, headache, muscle or joint pain, different types of skin rash, nausea or vomiting, diarrhea, chills or dizziness.

Most people (about 80%) recover from the disease without needing hospital treatment. About 20% of those who get COVID-19 become seriously ill and require oxygen, with 5% becoming critically ill and needing intensive care.

Complications leading to death may include respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis and septic shock, thromboembolism, and/or multiorgan failure, including injury of the heart, liver or kidneys.

In rare situations, children can develop a severe inflammatory syndrome a few weeks after infection.

In most situations, a molecular test is used to detect SARS-CoV-2 and confirm COVID-19. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the most commonly used molecular test. Samples are collected from the nose and/or throat with a swab. Molecular tests detect virus in the sample by amplifying viral genetic material to detectable levels. For this reason, a molecular test is used to confirm an active infection, usually within a few days of exposure and around the time that symptoms may begin. 

Rapid tests (sometimes known as a rapid diagnostic test – RDT) detect viral proteins (known as antigens). Samples are collected from the nose and/or throat with a swab. These tests are cheaper than PCR and will offer results more quickly, although they are generally less accurate. 

Frequency:
Due to the ongoing pandemic, frequency data of COVID-19 cases are monitored via the WHO COVID-19 Dashboard. Globally, as of 2:48pm CET, 23 February 2021, there have been 111,419,939 confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 2,470,772 deaths, reported to WHO.
Official title:
Clinical study of a novel high sensitivity nucleic acid assay for novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) based on CRISPR-Cas protein
Who:

Study leader: Weiren Huang 

Partners:
Locations:

China, Guangdong

Study start:
Feb. 16, 2020
Enrollment:
10000
Method:
CRISPR-Cas12a and PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)
Condition:
Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (COVID-19)
Target gene:
Unknown

Status: Completed

Description

Based on the single-stranded DNA reporter trans-cleavage activity by Cas12a upon target DNA recognition, researchers created a Specific Enhancer for detection of PCR-amplified Nucleic Acids (SENA) to confirm SARS-CoV-2 detection through specifically targeting its rRT-PCR amplicons. SENA is highly sensitive, with its limit of detection being at least 2 copies/reaction lower than that of the corresponding rRT-PCR, and highly specific, which identifies both false-negative and false-positive cases in clinic applications. SENA provides effective confirmation for nucleic acid amplification-based molecular diagnosis, and may immediately eliminate the uncertainty problems of rRT-PCR in SARS-CoV-2 clinic detection.

Last updated: Oct. 28, 2021
Source: National Medical Product Administration (NMPA)
english.nmpa.gov.cn
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